Pond Aeration...... Bottom aeration is fundamental for a healthy pond eco-system. An aerator placed at the bottom of the pond creates air bubbles that rise to the surface. The rising air bubbles introduce oxygen to the lower levels of the pond and increase circulation from the top to the bottom. Oxygen is also picked up from the surface though atmospheric diffusion and photosynthesis (generated by phytoplankton and algae). The circulation returns this dissolved oxygen back to lower levels of the pond de-stratifying the oxygen depleted layers formed from poor circulation. The increase of dissolved oxygen at lower levels benefits the growth of the needed good natural aerobic bacteria. The aerobic bacteria improves the decomposition of sludge (muck) found on the pond bottom. The sludge is mostly an organic sediment formed from leaves, grass clippings, algae, plants, fish droppings and other organics that have settle to the bottom over time.  This sediment can quickly and easily become an over abundant nutrient source promoting the over proliferation of algae if the natural aerobic bacteria is unable to keep it under control.    Bottom aeration improves the circulation and oxygen levels necessary to support the good natural bacteria that reduces the sludge and nutrient load that algae feeds on.  In addition to enabling the natural reduction of algae -- the increased oxygen levels provide a healthy environment for fish.  Fish will be less stressed and grow faster while oxygen deprived "fish kills" will be reduced or eliminated! In short, bottom aeration provides benefits that help maintain the pond’s eco system and should be considered the first addition to maintain or regain ecological balance in a pond.